the peoples shall be troubled, and the stars shall fall (4 Ezra 5:4–5). Many other signs of the end-time crisis are also mentioned in 4 Ezra, including retrieval of fish from the Dead Sea, widespread chaos, frequent and unexpected fires, wild beasts roaming freely, women giving birth to monsters, salt waters appearing unexpectedly in fresh-water sources, friends warring against friends, an absence of reason and wisdom, and unbounded increase in evil (4 Ezra 5:7–9). Many of the Old Testament writers
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